Chemical composition and antifungal effect of the essential oil of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don against clinical isolates of Candida spp.
Abstract
This study investigated the chemical composition and antifungal properties of the essential oil derived from Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don, a plant belonging to Asteraceae family. A total of 52 compounds were identified using the GC/MS analysis with the main components being neryl acetate (13.4%) and γ-curcumene (10.3%). We examined the antifungal activity of H. italicum oil against human Candida isolates and its interaction with the conventional antifungal agent, nystatin. Additionally, the effect of oil on biofilm production by Candida isolates was investigated. The results revealed a notably strong anti-Candida effect, with MIC values ranging from 0.312 to 5.00 mg/mL. The oil exhibited a synergistic effect with the tested antifungal drug and notable antibiofilm activity. These findings support further research into plant secondary metabolites as potential new antifungal agents.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aćimović, M. (2023). Corsica vs Balkan immortelle essential oil - comparison of chemical profiles. Alternative Crops and Cultivation Practices, 5, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071282
Aćimović, M., Ljujić, J., Vulić, J., Zheljazkov, V.D., Pezo, L., Varga, A., & Tumbas Šaponjac, V. (2021). Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don essential oil from Serbia: Chemical composition, classification and biological activity — May it be a suitable new crop for Serbia? Agronomy, 11(7), 1282. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY11071282
Adams, R.P. (2007). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (4th ed.). Illinois (USA): Carol Stream, Allured Publishing.
Antunes Viegas, D., Palmeira-De-Oliveira, A., Salgueiro, L., Martinez-De-Oliveira, J., & Palmeira-De-Oliveira, R. (2014). Helichrysum italicum: From traditional use to scientific data. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 151(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2013.11.005
Bacic, A., Prazina, N., Hadzic-Hasanovic, V., Dacic, M., Ajanovic, A., & Mahmutoviic, O. (2021). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, 22, 67–73. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354321641
Blanc, A.R., Sortino, M.A., Butassi, E., & Svetaz, L.A. (2023). Synergistic effects of Thymus vulgaris essential oil in combination with antifungal agents and inhibition of virulence factors of Candida albicans. Phytomedicine Plus, 3(4), 100481. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYPLU.2023.100481
Butassi, E., Svetaz, L., Carpinella, M.C., Efferth, T., & Zacchino, S. (2021). Fungal biofilms as a valuable target for the discovery of natural products that cope with the resistance of medically important fungi—Latest findings. Antibiotics, 10(9), 1053. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANTIBIOTICS10091053
Chinou, I.B., Roussis, V., Perdetzoglou, D., & Loukis, A. (1996). Chemical and biological studies on two Helichrysum species of Greek origin. Planta Medica, 62(4), 377–379. https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957914/BIB
Cid-Chevecich, C., Müller-Sepúlveda, A., Jara, J.A., López-Muñoz, R., Santander, R., Budini, M., Escobar, A., Quijada, R., Criollo, A., Díaz-Dosque, M., & Molina-Berríos, A. (2022). Origanum vulgare L. essential oil inhibits virulence patterns of Candida spp. and potentiates the effects of fluconazole and nystatin in vitro. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 22(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12906-022-03518-Z/FIGURES/6
Ćavar Zeljković, S., Šolić, M.E., & Maksimović, M. (2015). Volatiles of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don from Croatia. Natural Product Research, 29, 1874–1877. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2015.1009458
Dadar, M., Tiwari, R., Karthik, K., Chakraborty, S., Shahali, Y., & Dhama, K. (2018). Candida albicans - Biology, molecular characterization, pathogenicity, and advances in diagnosis and control – An update. Microbial Pathogenesis, 117, 128–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MICPATH.2018.02.028
De Castro, R.D., de Souza, T.M.P.A., Bezerra, L.M.D., Ferreira, G.L.S., de Brito Costa, E.M.M., & Cavalcanti, A.L. (2015). Antifungal activity and mode of action of thymol and its synergism with nystatin against Candida species involved with infections in the oral cavity: An in vitro study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0947-2
Djihane, B., Wafa, N., Elkhamssa, S., Pedro, D.H.J., Maria, A.E., & Mohamed Mihoub, Z. (2017). Chemical constituents of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don essential oil and their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, filamentous fungi and Candida albicans. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 25(5), 780–787. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JSPS.2016.11.001
Genčić, M.S., Aksić, J.M., Živković Stošić, M.Z., Randjelović, P.J., Stojanović, N.M., Stojanović-Radić, Z.Z., & Radulović, N.S. (2021). Linking the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of immortelle essential oil with its chemical composition – The interplay between the major and minor constituents. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 158, 112666. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FCT.2021.112666
Karpiński, T.M., Ożarowski, M., Seremak-Mrozikiewicz, A., & Wolski, H. (2023). Anti-Candida and antibiofilm activity of selected Lamiaceae essential oils. Frontiers in Bioscience - Landmark, 28(2), 28. https://doi.org/10.31083/J.FBL2802028/2768-6698-28-2-028/FIG2.JPG
Karpiński, T.M., Ożarowski, M., Seremak-Mrozikiewicz, A., Wolski, H., & Adamczak, A. (2021). Plant preparations and compounds with activities against biofilms formed by Candida spp. Journal of Fungi, 7(5), 360. https://doi.org/10.3390/JOF7050360
Manoharan, R.K., Lee, J.H., Kim, Y.G., Kim, S.I, & Lee, J. (2017). Inhibitory effects of the essential oils α-longipinene and linalool on biofilm formation and hyphal growth of Candida albicans. Biofouling, 33(2), 143–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2017.1280731
Mastelic, J., Politeo, O., Jerkovic, I., & Radosevic, N. (2005). Composition and antimicrobial activity of Helichrysum italicum essential oil and its terpene and terpenoid fractions. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 41(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10600-005-0069-Z/METRICS
Mayer, F.L., Wilson, D., & Hube, B. (2013). Candida albicans pathogenicity mechanisms. Virulence, 4(2), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.4161/VIRU.22913
Mollova, S., Fidan, H., Antonova, D., Bozhilov, D., Stanev, S., Kostova, I., & Stoyanova, A. (2020). Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don subspecies essential oils. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 44(4), 371–378. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1909-34
Ninčević, T., Grdiša, M., Šatović, Z., & Jug-Dujaković, M. (2019). Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don: Taxonomy, biological activity, biochemical and genetic diversity. Industrial Crops and Products, 138, 111487. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2019.111487
NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director. (n.d.). „Retention Indices.” In NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, Eds. P.J. Linstrom and W.G. Mallard, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD, 20899. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303
Orchard, A., Van Vuuren, S.F., & Viljoen, A.M. (2019). Commercial essential oil combinations against topical fungal pathogens. Natural Product Communications, 14(1), 151–158.
Rosa, A., Deiana, M., Atzeri, A., Corona, G., Incani, A., Melis, M.P., Appendino, G., & Dessì, M.A. (2007). Evaluation of the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of arzanol, a prenylated α-pyrone-phloroglucinol etherodimer from Helichrysum italicum subsp. microphyllum. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 165(2), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CBI.2006.11.006
Sala, A., Recio, M.C., Schinella, G.R., Máñez, S., Giner, R.M., & Ríos, J.L. (2003). A new dual inhibitor of arachidonate metabolism isolated from Helichrysum italicum. European Journal of Pharmacology, 460(2–3), 219–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02954-0
Sawant, B. & Khan, T. (2017). Recent advances in delivery of antifungal agents for therapeutic management of candidiasis. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 96, 1478–1490. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIOPHA.2017.11.127
Silva, F., Ferreira, S., Duarte, A., Mendonça, D.I., & Domingues, F.C. (2011). Antifungal activity of Coriandrum sativum essential oil, its mode of action against Candida species and potential synergism with amphotericin B. Phytomedicine, 19(1), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2011.06.033
Soulaimani, B., Varoni, E., Iriti, M., Mezrioui, N.E., Hassani, L., & Abbad, A. (2021). Synergistic anticandidal effects of six essential oils in combination with fluconazole or amphotericin B against four clinically isolated Candida strains. Antibiotics, 10(9), 1049. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANTIBIOTICS10091049
Staver, M.M., Gobin, I., Ratkaj, I., Petrovic, M., Vulinovic, A., Dinarina-Sablic, M., & Broznic, D. (2018). In vitro antiproliferative and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the flowers and leaves of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don growing in Central Dalmatia (Croatia). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 21(1), 77–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2018.1433071
Stepanović, S., Vuković, D., Hola, V., Di Bonaventura, G., Djukić, S., Ćirković, I., & Ruzicka, F. (2007). Quantification of biofilm in microtiter plates: Overview of testing conditions and practical recommendations for assessment of biofilm production by staphylococci. APMIS, 115(8), 891–899. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_630.x
Stojanović-Radić, Z., Dimitrijević, M., Genčić, M., Pejčić, M., & Radulović, N. (2020). Anticandidal activity of Inula helenium root essential oil: Synergistic potential, anti-virulence efficacy and mechanism of action. Industrial Crops and Products, 149, 112373. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2020.112373
Stojanović-Radić, Z., Pejčić, M., Stojanović, N., Sharifi-Rad, J., & Stanković, N. (2016). Potential of Ocimum basilicum L. and Salvia officinalis L. essential oils against biofilms of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 62(9), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2016.62.9.5
Stringaro, A., Vavala, E., Colone, M., Pepi, F., Mignogna, G., Garzoli, S., Cecchetti, S., Ragno, R., & Angiolella, L. (2014). Effects of Mentha suaveolens essential oil alone or in combination with other drugs in Candida albicans. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/125904
Šovljanski, O., Aćimović, M., Tomić, A., Lončar, B., Miljković, A., Čabarkapa, I., & Pezo, L. (2024). Antibacterial and antifungal potential of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don essential oil. Antibiotics, 13(8), 722. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANTIBIOTICS13080722
Talapko, J., Juzbašić, M., Matijević, T., Pustijanac, E., Bekić, S., Kotris, I., & Škrlec, I. (2021). Candida albicans — The virulence factors and clinical manifestations of infection. Journal of Fungi, 7(2), 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/JOF7020079
Tzanova, M., Grozeva, N., Gerdzhikova, M., Atanasov, V., Terzieva, S., & Prodanova, R. (2018). Biochemical composition of essential oil of Corsican Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don, introduced and cultivated in South Bulgaria. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 24(6), 1071–1077. http://www.bta.bg/bg/c/BO/
Zheljazkov, V.D., Semerdjieva, I., Yankova-Tsvetkova, E., Astatkie, T., Stanev, S., Dincheva, I., & Kačániová, M. (2022). Chemical profile and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. and Helichrysum italicum (Roth.) G. Don. Plants, 11(7), 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/PLANTS11070951/S1
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.