Pollen of allergenic plants in honey samples from Bosnia and Herzegovina
Abstract
Honey plants are characterized by the specific chemical composition of nectar and pollen grains, which depends on the physiological characteristics of plant species, ecological conditions, and anthropogenic pressure. In total, 100 honey samples were analyzed according to the Rulebook on methods for the control of honey and other bee products of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The melissopalynological analysis included plant identification based on the micromorphological characters of pollen grains and the number of pollen grains for each identified plant. In total, 31,183 pollen grains were detected in melissopalynological profiles. Based on the micromorphological features, 48 plant species, including seven with allergenic potential, were identified. The proportion of pollen grains of allergenic plants was 18.01% (5,616 pollen grains). Both the quality and health of honey are reduced due to presence of allergenic pollen in it which can cause allergic reactions. Hence the choice of bee pasture concerning its floristic composition and its distance from the pollution source are crucial parameters for the honey quality.
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