Maximum values of the Sombor–index–like graph invariants of trees and connected graphs

Abstract

A set of novel vertex-degree-based invariants was introduced by Gutman, denoted by \newline $SO_1, SO_2, \ldots,SO_6$. These invariants were constructed through geometric reasoning based on a new graph invariant framework. Motivated by proposed open problems in [Z. Tang, Q. Li, H. Deng, \textit{Trees with Extremal Values of the Sombor–Index–Like Graph Invariants}, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. \textbf{90} (2023) 203–222], we have found the maximum values of $SO_5$ and $SO_6$ in the set of molecular trees with a given number of vertices, respectively, and we have found the maximum value of $SO_5$ in a class of connected graphs.