PCR-based investigation on transgenic maize status in corn processed products

Elham Ashrafi-Dehkordi, Mohsen Shahdadi, Enayat Berizi, Siavash Babajafari, Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi, DOI: 10.46793/BiolNyss.16.2.9AD

Abstract


Monitoring genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is increasingly required by law in countries with GMO labeling regulations. Efficient extraction of high-quality genomic DNA is essential for detecting and quantifying GM content in foods using PCR techniques. This study developed and evaluated various DNA extraction methods from corn seeds and products to ensure sufficient DNA yield free of contaminants and PCR inhibitors. Thirty samples, including corn seeds and derived products, were randomly purchased from supermarkets and grocery stores. Genomic DNA was extracted by different methods, and PCR was used to detect GMO-specific regions: NOS-terminator, 35S promoter, and EPSPS. The zein gene was also amplified to confirm the presence of the maize genome in all samples. Results indicated that 13 samples contained the NOS-terminator, 14 the 35S promoter, and one the EPSPS region, identifying 18 (60%) samples as transgenic. The methods proved effective for extracting quality DNA suitable for GMO detection. Many GM-positive products lacked labeling, underscoring the need for reliable detection methods and stricter labeling enforcement.

PCR-based investigation on transgenic maize status in corn processed products


Keywords


Genetically modified organism, labeling, Maize, PCR

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