The impact of pond origin on species and functional diversity of fish communities
Abstract
Ponds are standing freshwater ecosystems, that play a significant role in supporting biodiversity and ecological functions. Despite their small size, they support high species diversity, particularly fish communities, that are influenced by variations in environmental factors such as hydroperiod, size of the pond, and water quality. This study investigates the differences in fish species composition and functional diversity between natural and artificial ponds in southeastern Serbia. The research reveals that functional diversity is more sensitive indicator of ecological differences between these ponds than species diversity. Artificial ponds, formed through human activity, tend to harbor opportunistic fish species, often resulting in lower functional diversity, while natural ponds exhibit greater species richness and more specialized fish communities. The findings underscore the importance of functional diversity in maintaining ecosystem health and highlight the distinct ecological roles played by ponds of different origins in sustaining freshwater biodiversity. Understanding these dynamics is essential for effective conservation and management strategies.
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